Author Archives: Alex Imreh

In the NE of present day Romania – Great Moldavia, I2 farm culture mixed with R1AB. The result was a population having all the best technologies at that time – wheels, chariots, horses, pottery and farming technology, animal husbandry, metalworking. This melting pot was also a mix of genes and social aptitudes, including warfare. Competitive populations were able to grow than spread & “conquered” the world: the expansion of Yamna to the Balkans and Central Europe, the expansion of aryan people all Asia up to India & east of China. Sredny Stog people carried a mix of I2a2, R1, R1a and R1b lineages. Before the arrival of Neolithic farmers I2a2 dominated central Europe, Scandinavia and present UK. I2a1 even to present day is dominant in areas around Romania from Bosnia to Ukraina and it could indicate the longest cultural continuity of Europe – still alive today in traditional villages. I2a2b could have appeared soon after the Last Glacial Maximum, perhaps 17,000 years ago. Most of its branches would have become extinct and only one survived with a patriarch living during the Bronze Age, probably in Germany. The oldest known L38 sample comes from the Unetice culture in central-east Germany 4,000 years ago. This lineage spread from Germany to England via Belgium in the Late Iron Age with the Celtic people of the Hallstatt and La Tène cultures. Transylvania was the turning table from where ProtoCelts conquered Western Europe. Before that Romania was the center of Old Europe from where farming spread to Western Europe, Cris Culture started Liner Pottery Culture. The Cucuteni-Trypillian culture, the most advanced Neolithic culture in Europe before the Indo-European invasions in the Bronze Age was also an offshoot from the Starčevo–Kőrös–Criş culture. Cucuteni-Trypillian people mixed with Yamna neighbours than they spread as a minority lineage alongside haplogroups R1a and R1b to WEurope and Baltics with the Corded Ware expansion. Continue reading →